Furnace construction involving removable combustion chamber housing



July 17, 1951 J. A. DAHLSTROM FURNACE CONSTRUCTION INVOLVING REMOVABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER HOUSING 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 4, 1946 INVENTOR, Jahnflflah/Mmm,

' mww July 17, 1951 Filed 001;. 4, 1946 J. FURNACE CONSTR COMBUSTION CHAMBER HOUSING A. DAHLSTROM UCTION INVOLVING REMOVABLE 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR,

Y 1w AM J. A. DAHLSTROM FURNACE CONSTRUCTION INVOLVING REMOVABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER HOUSING 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 July 17, 1951 lled Oct 4, 1946 7 0 5 7 d 4 W 2 i m P t/ "M7 l H PJ W0 0 HI! 5 W W v Q alol Q 01 lolollll 0 I! ill 0,! o 7 0 0 6 m 0 w Jan I m 0 4 we w m m a Q 1 r 0H0 Q o [I 7:], O Q Q I 0 o o M o o l 1. 0 HI Q Q 7 r1 Mm o 7 1 \0 0 an a o l o o 3 0 I o 0| ll 0 0V|\QWMI2O.I|O 0 0 1 n -o 0 W W m o o w o .m 0 l |l HO O l i a 4 0 Patented July 17, 1951 EURNACE,=CQNS TRUCTION INVOLVING, MBUSIIZON'IGHAMBERI REMOVABLE? Q HOUSING" John: A: Dalilstrom; ,Bay Village-g 0mmassignor to Perfection ,Stove; Company, ,Gleveland, Ohio; acorporatiomofO hib Application October 4, 1946-; SerialNo.-701",3 02

1. "This invention relatestoheating: apparatus; Although the present disclosureisthat: of an oil aresuitably fastened burning forced-draft: hot-airfurnace; intended especially for domestic use; itwill .be apparentato those. acquainted with the art tolwh'ich' therinvention belongs that certainof any improvements are applicable to heating apparatus: of other types and employing other kinds of'fuel.

' An object of the invention is to provide-.acon struction for furnaces or the likethatwill afford convenientaccessto parts= enclosed by. an outer casing-such parts as the: combustion chamber housing; burneryunit, etc-by having .a wall, prefe'rablythe front wall, of the casing movable or detachable, such an arrangement permitting the apparatusto be permanentl'y installed with its rear side, and desirably either of its lateralsides, closesto walls of a room or compartment-in which the apparatus is located without intt-irfering with the-servicing offthe apparatus:

Another object is to facilitate replacement'and repair of the aforesaid v partsby: providing for their ready removal fromthe casing when said wall is: moved or detached.

Another object" of the invention, as it pertains to liquid fuel burning apparatus, isto enhance the vaporization of the fuel by. enclosing the burner unit in the combustion chamber housing so that it capable ofibeingwholly or partially enveloped by, and therefore in very intimate heat exchanging relationv to, the products of combustion.

Another. object is to provide a. hot-air furnace orsimilarapparatus that is of compact construction, preferably tall and slender for'accommodation in-small utility-rooms orolosets, according to present trends, and wherein the heat radiating surfaces are unusually extensive relative tothe size of the apparatus so that the heat output is accordingly: large, and theapparatus highly effi'cientiand: economical in operation.

Ishall now proceed with a detailed description 'of? the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like charactersdesignate like parts throughout the several views, and during the course of which description other objeotssand advantages will. become apparent.

In, the drawings; Fig. 1 is a front elevational view ofa furnace embodying my-improvemen-ts; Eig; 2irepresents a substantially central vertical section throughthe furnace from; front. to rear; Fig, 3. is a transverse vertical section on the line 3-3-of: Fig.2, but showing-the burner.- unit and fancasing in elevation; Fig. 4 is a sectionalplan on the line,4-4 of Fig. 2, and-Fig. 5 is a central vertical, section from front to rear through the burner. unit. on ascale considerably enlargedover that of the preceding views.

'An outer casing, designated generally by the reference numeral: 1,, includes, side walls 2 that to and rise from a basal:- A rear wall 4 joins at its lateral edges thefrean edges-of the side walls 2 and extends from the plane; of the top. edges of the side walls downwardlya suitable distance where it is: shown as. merging into: a forwardly inclined wall section 5'. This-.wall section joins the rear edge of'a-bottom wall 6 that-extends practically to the; frontedges'. of the side walls. The bottom wallB is shown-as provided. with a relatively large openingthat'zis surrounded by a depending flange 1 and' into which is fitted the discharge extension of the casing of a centrifugal fan or blower 8 that is carried bya supporting'structure II] which sur mountsthe-base 3 between the side walls 2. On a shelf I I that is sustained by the structure I0 is: mounted an electric motor l2 on the shaft of which isa pulley [3; A belt [4- is engaged about this pulley and one designated l5=that isfastened; to the shaft lfi of the fan-or blower 8.

While, for the sake of simplicity, I have-shown the rear wall 4, inclined wall section 5 and bottom wall 6, along with thefi'ange 1 integral with one another, they. maybeconstructed of parts joined together in accordance with usual furnace prac tice. Also, thevertical walls of the'outer casing may beequ ipped witli liners spacedinwardly from said wallsand constructed" to provide ventilated spaces between saidwalls and liners, but this; being a common expedient; is deemed unnecessary of illustration.

best shown in Fig. 4, the front edge portions oft-he side walls 2 are turned inwardly upon themselves for a short distance and thence at right-angles toward'each other: to provide flanges 20 against whichareseated the inturned lateral edges: of a front wall section or panel 2|. This panel extends downwardly from substantially the plane of the top edges of the respective side and rear wallsZ: and 4, towhere it is turned abruptly rearwardly and terminates in an edge formation that provides a downwardly facing cross'channel 2 3; the flanges an of the side walls being interrupted at 24 for the passageof said rearwardly turned lower portion of the panel 21. Asa means for detacha-bly connecting the panel 2| to the casing, its inturned lateral" edges are shown as providedwith hooks 25that areengaged through slots: 26 in the flanges 20.

Applied to the top edges of the peripheral :walls of the casing: I is a joint member 28, shown as formedof sheet material to provide upwardly and downwardly opening channels; the latter receivingsthe top edges of said'peripheral walls. Fitted into the upwardly opening channels: of said joint member are the peripheral walls of a plenum chamber 31] having an. outlet: duct. 31 that conveysithes heated; air to the; room, or; rooms: to be heated 'Itiwillbey observed from Fig;,2; that; the top edgaof thepanelll entersszthezchannelzofzthe enough to disengage the hooks 25 from the lower,

edges of the slots 26 in the flanges 20 when it is desired to remove the panel, such actionalso disengaging the oross channel 23 of said panel from the top edge of a panel 33 that closes the space between the former panel and the bottom wall 6, thus completing the front wall of the casing l. The panel 33 has its lateral edges turned inwardly for engagement with flanges 34 that are applied to the side walls 2, said edges being provided with hooks 35 that extend through slots in said flanges 34. The lower end of the panel 33 is formed to" cross rail 31, shown as carried by the bottom I wall 6.

Within the outer casing l is a combustion chamber housing, designated generally by the reference numeral 40, and a radiator, designated 41 The combustion chamber housing 40 is cylindrical except for the fact that throughout its lower front portion it is cut back to accommodate the inset lower portion of the front wall of the outer casing, comprised of the panel 33. Throughout such cut back portion, the combustion chamber housing is provided with a straight transverse front wall 42, having a relatively large opening 43. The top and bottom walls of the combustion chamber housing are designated 44 and 45, respectively. The radiator 4| is slightly widerthan the combustion chamber housing but is relatively shallow from front to rear. In the present construction, it occupies the space between the combustion chamber housing and the rear wall 4 ofthe outer casing and adjacent its lower end it communicates with the combustion chamber housing through a relatively large tubular connection 46. The outlet of the radiator is defined by a collar 41 that extends rearwardly from the top portion of the radiator through an aperture in the rear wall 4, and fitted over said collar is a flue 48 that leads to a chimney represented-at 50. A collar 5|, similar to the one designated 41, extends from the lower rear side of the radiator through an aperture in the wall 4, and, being opposite the connection 46, provides a cleanout through Which the interior of the combustion chamber housing as well as the radiator may be reached, when a closure 52, shown as a plug, is removed from the collar 5|.

The combustion chamber housing 40 is supported within the outer casing by ledges 55. Bearing upon these ledges are lugs 56 that are fastened to the opposite sides of said housing. This means of support permits the combustion chamber housing to be readily withdrawn from the outercasing I when the front wall of the latter, made up of the panels 2| and 33, is removed, as will more fully appear hereinafter.

Reference has been made to the opening 43 in the straight front wall 42 of the combustion chamber housing. This opening is of a size and shape that will permit insertion and withdrawal therethrough of the burner unit designated generally by the reference numeral 60. This unit includes a cylindrical air chamber casing 6| in which is enclosed the burner bowl, as I shall presently set out in detail with particular reference to Fig. 5, said air chamber casing being part of an assembly embracing a plate 62 that serves as a closure for the opening 23 and has its edge portion overlying and detachably connected by suitable means to the wall 42 about said opening. Projecting forwardly from the casing BI through holes in the plate 62 are tubular extensions 63 and "64 that are welded or otherwise rigidly secured to said plate. The panel 33 has an opening similar to but larger than opening 43 of the combustion chamber housing, and projecting inwardly through the opening of said panel, for contact with the plate 62, is a frame 65 having a peripheral flange that is detachably connected by suitable means to the underlying portion of the panel 33.

As shown in detail in Fig. 5, the air chamber casing 6| consists of a cylindrical wall to the upper and lower ends of which are applied, respectively, an annular top wall 66 and a circular bottom wall 61. Occupying the air chamber casing BI is a burner bowl designated generally by the reference numeral 10. Secured, as by weld-- ing, to the top wall 66, in spaced relation to the peripheral wall of the casing 6|, is the flanged upper end of a cylindrical wall ll. Telescoping over and fastened, as by welding, to the lower end of the wall H is the flared upper end of a pan-like member 12 having a downwardly and inwardly tapering bottom wall 13. Sealed within a central opening of the wall 13 is an air tube 15 that is surmounted by an air distributor 16, the latter preferably being removably fitted over the top of the air tube and resting upon a collar ll that surrounds and is secured to the tube 15. Rising from the bottom wall 13 about, and in approximately concentric relation to, the air tube '15 and the air distributor 16, to an elevation above the top of the distributor, is a perforated sleeve-like partition 19 that sets off, from the surrounding portion of the burner bowl, a pilot burner space 80. Applied to the underside of the member 12 is a shield'83, having a central opening surrounded by an upturned flange 84 that engages the bottom wall 13, and a peripheral flange 85 that is telescoped over the lower end of said member. Welded or otherwise secured to the bottom wall 13, about an opening 33 therein, which is within the area of the pilot fire space 80, is the inner end of a liquid fuel supply pipe 81 that extends through openings in the shield 83, air chamber casing 6i, and plate 62.

Fitted into the openin in the annular top wall 66 of the burner unit is a downwardly converging neck that terminates at its opposite ends in cylindrical flanges 9i and 92, the former being embraced by an upturned flange 93 of said top wall 66 to which the flange 9! is welded or otherwise secured. Bridging the space between the lower end of the neck 90 and the surrounding portion of the wall H is an imperforate ring 95. The neck 90 is provided with perforations I00, and above the ring 95 the Wall II has a horizontal row of perforations [0]. The top of the burner bowl proper is defined by the ring 95, and therebelow the wall ll has several rows of perforations I02. The sleeve-like partition 19 is provided with perforations I03, and the air distributor 16 with perforations I04. The previously mentioned tubular extension 63 extends rearwardly through an aperture in the peripheral wall of the air chamber 61 and has its inner end extended through a hole in the wall H, said extension being formed at its inner end with a flange that is welded to said wall. The tubular extension 63 thus provides a clean-out for the burner bowl, and is adapted to be closed at its outer end in a common and well known manner by a plug I05.

Occupying the niche that is formed by the insetting of the panel 33, are the casing N0 of a centrifugal fan or blower, the outlet of which is connected to the extension 64 of the air chamber casing 6!; an electric motor III by which the fan or blower is driven, and a liquid fuel feeding and control device designated H2 to which fuel is conducted through a pipe H3, and which has its outlet connected, through a tube I I4, with the previously mentioned pipe 81 that leads to the burner bowl.

It may be explained that the operation of the apparatus is desirably automatically governed by an electrical control system (not shown) which may be of the usual type including, amon other things, thermostats, circuits and relays that control the fuel feed and the operation of the motors l2 and Hi. It will be understood that, so long as the apparatus is in use, fuel is constantly supplied to the burner, at all times in sufficient amount to sustain a pilot fire in the space 80. When the thermostatic device of the control system, commonly known as the room thermostat, calls for heat, the fuel feeding and control unit H2 is caused to increase the fuel supply to the burner thereby to enlarge the fire. The blower llll supplies air in suflicient amount to support combustion at the higher rate of fuel feed, as will be readily understood by those acquainted with this type of combustion apparatus. Practically all of the air entering the burner bowl through the perforations I02 mixes with the rich vapors generated within the lower portion of the bowl and serves as primary air to render said vapors incipiently combustible. As the mixture rises through the neck 90, secondary air, entering the space above the ring 95 through the perforations Hll and passing on through the perforations H10 in the neck 90, join the rich mixture rising from the bowl and produces a highly combustible mixture that burns vigorously in the combustion space enclosed by the housing 40. The products rise more or less centrally within said space and then sweep down the walls of the housing 40, heating them to a very high degree before escaping through the connection 46 to the radiator 4| from the upper end of which they escape to the chimney through the flue 48. Not only does this tortuous course of the products insure their giving off a very large percentage of their heat before escaping to the chimney but, bein caused to descend to the region of the burner unit 60, they wipe about the air chamber casing GI and elevate the temperature of the combustion air therein which enhances the vaporization of the fuel in the burner bowl.

As pointed out above, an important object of my invention is to facilitate servicing of the apparatus, especially when placed near the walls of a room or compartment in which the apparatus is located. In modern practice, especially with respectto small homes andv apartments, the furnaces are frequently installed in small utility rooms or in closets, and in the latter case, in close proximity to the side walls and the back wall of the closets. Accordingly, I have made the present embodiment of my invention so that it may be serviced entirely from the front.

I have already explained how, by first removing the frame 65, the plate 62 may be detached from the front wall 42 of the combustion chamber housing and said plate, with the burner unit 60 carried thereby, withdrawn through the opening in the panel 33. This, of course, presupposes disconnection of the fuel feeding and control device, etc.

In case it becomes necessary to remove the combustion chamber housin 40, and the radiator 4|, the panels 2| and 33 that constitute the front wall of the outer casing may be detached in an obvious manner, after which the combustion chamber housing and radiator may be withdrawn from the outer casing. The required rather frequent lubrication of the fan or blower 8 and the motor 12 is facilitated by the ready accessibility of these elements.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. Heating apparatus comprising a casing having a removable front wall, a combustion chamber housing removably supported within the casing, a liquid fuel burning unit removably supported within the lower portion of the combustion .chamber housing, the front wall of the combustion chamber housing having an opening through which the burner unit may be withdrawn, a closure for said opening, the front wall of the casing having an opening registering with that of the combustion chamber housing, and a frame detachably applied to said front wall of the casing about the opening therein and having a part extending rearwardly through said opening and engaging said closure.

2. Heating apparatus comprising a casing characterized by a movable wall so arranged that the casing may be opened substantially throughout an entire side thereof by the movement of said wall, a combustion chamber housing removably supported within the casing and having an opening in the side thereof adjacent the side of the casing that is adapted to be opened, a closure for said opening of the chamber housing, a liquid fuel burning unit fastened to and supported by said closure and movable through said opening into and out of the combustion chamber housing, and means for deliverin fuel to the fuel burning unit.

3. Heating apparatus comprising a vertically disposed elongated casing of relatively small rectangular cross section, the casing being characterized by a movable wall so arranged that the casing may be opened throughout substantially the entire area of one side thereof, an intercommunicating combustion chamber housing and radiator supported in the casing and removable through the side thereof having saidmovable wall, the combustion chamber housing having an opening on the side thereof adjacent the last mentioned side of the casing, and a combustion device removably supported in the combustion chamber housing and capable of being passed through said opening thereof.

JOHN A. DAHLSTROM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,725,510 Fiske Aug. 20, 1929 2,160,264 Furlong May 30, 1939 2,209,913 Diggins July 30, 1940 2,219,276 Young Oct. 22, 1940 2,228,602 Kolb Jan. 14, 1941 2,288,028 Richardson June 30, 1942 2,355,896 Wyld Aug. 15, 1944 2,370,795 Jones Mar. 6, 1945 2,378,485 Jones et a1 June 19. 1945 

